Sunday, September 8, 2019

Critiques on Steele’s Argument


Do contingencies and social identities impact people's lives in the social spectrum? For one to respond to this question, there is a need to have a clear understanding of the phrases highlighted. An individual's social identity is defined by their membership in a particular group such as ethnic groups, including blacks, whites, Caucasians, and Hispanics. In his article “At the Root of Identity, from Whistling Vivaldi and Other Clues to Stereotypes Affects Us,” Steele focuses on the two groups of people in the golf club, black, and whites, to support his assertion on social identities. Furthermore, he uses a variety of stereotypes coupled with contingencies to reveal to his audience the nature of golfers. Therefore, I agree with Steel’s argument on how social identities and contingencies play a role in shaping people’s lives.
Social identities, such as ethnic group membership, play a significant role in dictating their performances. According to Steele "Jeff and his colleagues reasoned that it had something to do with their being white" (560). Indeed, this unveils an exciting topic on the norms in different educational institutions across the country.  A clear picture of contingencies coupled with white social identity is well-outlined, giving a plausible explanation on how individuals perform differently in diverse fields. Therefore, it is crystal clear that white students capitalize on various stereotypes and contingencies, thus negatively affecting the performance of individuals of color. Indeed, ethnic group membership has a role to play in shaping people’s lives.
Pathos
Gender profiles and their recognition helps influence individuals' lives in the social context. Stereotypes that associate with people’s gender determines their behaviors, thus forming a blueprint in their future lives. In her article “Bad Feminists,” Gay a renowned American writer argues that "the article also reveals how shocked Tsarnaev's friends and neighbors were to learn he and his brother were responsible for such a crime (paragraph 5). From this explanation, it is clear that male individuals have associated themselves with evil, a norm whose articulation is evident in different societies.  Other than such criminal activities, young and middle-aged males are susceptible to unpleasant events such as drug abuse compared to their counterparts. As such, gender is one of the social identities that dictate individuals’ lives in the society.
Logos
Racism due to ethnic group membership in schools is one of the social identities that determine student's performances affecting the achievement of their primary goals. In many western nations, the deprivation of various rights to a particular group of people, including Asians and people of color is evident. In his article “Asians Shouldn't Have to Hide Their Heritage When Applying to College. I did-and I'll Always Regret It,” Mak says "I was offended at his notion that we Asians are monolithic and uniformly prepackaged." Indeed, this reflects how Asians are underrated based on their potential by their colleague students. Mak argues that their performance in the technical course including arithmetic is undeniable contrary to the expectations of many. As such, the utilization of race-oriented stereotypes reflects how ethnic group membership shapes people's lives.
Alternatively, gender and race stereotypes associated with violence in video games also make critical differences in shaping individuals' lives. In their research, “The Prevalence and Consequences of Racial Stereotypes in Video Games,” Burgess et al. assert that "Stereotypes may sometimes be consciously processed, but stereotypes can also provoke thoughtless, nonconscious, impulsive reactions” (292). Indeed, these stereotypes are known to cause chaos since males are used as instruments of violence. Also, non-natives in western countries are known for their aggressiveness, thus negatively influencing their lives. Though there have been relentless campaigns to reduce the utilization of gender and race stereotypes in the community, there is a need to come up with more elaborate strategies.
Ethos
In summary, Steel's argument on how contingencies tied to individuals' social identities make differences in shaping their lives is on point. As highlighted earlier, social identities such as ethnic groups and gender play a significant role in shaping people's lives in society. Notably, these identities have negative impacts on the associated groups calling for an immediate plan of action to steer individual’s lives in a positive direction.
Works Cited
Burgess, Melinda CR, et al. "Playing with prejudice: The prevalence and consequences of racial stereotypes in video games." Media Psychology 14.3 (2011): 289-311.
Gay, Roxane. Bad feminists: essays. BTB Verlag, 2019.
Mak, Aaron. “Asians Shouldn't Have to Hide Their Heritage When Applying to College. I did-and I'll Always Regret It.” Slate Magazine, Slate, 5 Dec. 2017, https://slate.com/human-interest/2017/12/the-price-of-college-admission-for-asian-americans.html.
Steele, Claude M. Whistling Vivaldi: How stereotypes affect us and what we can do. WW Norton & Company, 2011.

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